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The primary purpose of performing auscultation during respiratory assessments is to identify abnormal lung sounds that can indicate underlying pathologies. Auscultation allows healthcare professionals to listen to the sounds produced by the lungs using a stethoscope. These sounds can provide critical information regarding the health of the respiratory system.

When abnormal sounds such as wheezing, crackles, or rhonchi are detected, they can suggest various respiratory conditions, including asthma, pneumonia, or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This can aid in diagnosing the patient's condition, tailoring treatment plans, and monitoring the effectiveness of interventions.

In contrast, the other options focus on non-respiratory functions. Measuring blood pressure, assessing heart rhythm and rate, and determining body temperature do not relate to the identification of lung function or respiratory health. Therefore, auscultation is a crucial tool specifically for evaluating the state of the lungs and identifying potential respiratory issues.